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Document 2653
DOCN M94A2653
TI Laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection in children born to HIV women in
Chile.
DT 9412
AU Munoz G; Ramirez E; Ojeda M; Child R; National Comission of AIDS Chile.
SO Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):255 (abstract no. PB0451). Unique
Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94369922
AB INTRODUCTION: The opportune and reliable laboratory diagnosis of HIV
infection is a fundamental tool for the prognosis and treatment of
children born to sero-positive mothers. Laboratory diagnosis in these
patients represents a major challenge because of transplacentary
transmission of maternal HIV-Antibodies (Ab.). Since 1987, a total of 85
children born to HIV (+) women has been notified and submitted to a
National Surveillance Programme developed by the National Commission of
AIDS (CONASIDA), the Pediatric AIDS National Committee and the National
Reference Laboratory of AIDS (CNRS). This Programme includes a
well-defined follow-up protocol for HIV laboratory diagnosis for all the
children born to sero-positive mothers. A special algorythm has been
established for these cases including the provirus detection by
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). OBJECTIVE: To asses the results
obtained from the National Surveillance Programme for laboratory
diagnosis of HIV status in children born to HIV (+) women in Chile.
PATIENTS/METHODS: A total of 85 children were studied since 1987 to Jan.
1994, representing all the known cases of newborns from HIV (+) mothers
all over the country. Serial blood samples were taken at birth, 3, 6, 9,
12, 15, 18 and 24 months. Each sample was tested for HIV-Ab (ELISA) and
supplementary tests (IFA, WB and/or Lia-Tek), P-24 Antigen (ELISA) and
provirus detection in PBMC (PCR) at the CNRS. Positive results for P-24
and/or PCR in two serial samples at any age or persistence of HIV-Ab
after aged 15 months was considered as positive infection. Indeterminate
cases were defined as (+) HIV-Ab and P-24 and PCR negative results in
children under 15 months. RESULTS: From 85 children submitted to
follow-up, 20 (24%) were confirmed as HIV (+). Thirty three children
were negative (39%) and 32 (37%) are still Indeterminate. Half of
negatives cases lost their Abs. between 6-12 months (54%). One child was
negative between 3-6 months of age. Positive Ag. and/or PCR results were
mostly found between 9 and 12 months. One child was positive at one
month by PCR and another at three months by Ag. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric
AIDS is an emerging problem in Chile, with 12 notified cases up to
January 1994; 75% of them has already died. National Surveillance
Programme, follow-up testing and the development of a special algorythm
has led to an opportune, reliable and accesible HIV laboratory diagnosis
for children born to HIV (+) women in Chile. Vertical transmission have
been demonstrated in 24% of this cases. This Programme has allowed an
increase in the diagnosis precocity, a decrease in psychoaffective
problems and a better preventive and therapeutic treatment.
DE *AIDS Serodiagnosis Blotting, Western Child, Preschool Chile
*Developing Countries Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Female
Follow-Up Studies Human HIV Antibodies/BLOOD HIV Core Protein
p24/IMMUNOLOGY HIV Infections/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
Infant Infant, Newborn Male Polymerase Chain Reaction Predictive
Value of Tests Pregnancy MEETING ABSTRACT
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).